First Sunday in Lent

Mass Readings

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First Reading: Genesis 2:7-9; 3:1-7
Responsorial: Psalm 51:3-6, 12-13, 17
Second Reading: Romans 5:12-19 OR 5:12, 17-19
Gospel: Matthew 4:1-11

http://www.usccb.org/bible/readings/030120.cfm
https://www.deaconrudysnotes.org/

As we begin our first Sunday of Lent, we tackle an important social condition that is perhaps at the very core of the spiritual crisis today.

In the first reading from Genesis, we come to the temptation in the Garden, and indeed our second reading is a reflection on this first temptation which lead to the first – the original sin. This is a very important point. Too often we talk about the original sin, but before there was a sin, there was a temptation. What was the first temptation?

As you read the first reading which you’ll find near the bottom of the notes for today’s reflection, I want you to carefully read the interaction between the serpent and Eve. You can almost hear the conversation, can’t you?

What happened in the first chapter of Genesis? God created and he said it was good. Now in chapter two, the serpent says to Eve, “Good? You’re not good! You’re human! Look at you! You’re filthy. You’re disgusting! No, you are not good. But if you want to be good, then you need to eat the fruit of this tree. In fact, if you eat the fruit of this tree, you won’t just be good – you will be like God – no – you will be gods!”

What is the first temptation?

The first temptation is to reject the goodness of God’s creation. We buy into the voices whispering in our ears that we can’t be good. And that leads to the next big temptation – to be gods. What do gods get to do? Gods get to decide right from wrong; good from bad. So, if I do as the first humans did in the Garden – if I turn my back on what God asks of me, then I will be in control and I get to decide good from bad – right from wrong.

We are bombarded all day long with a myriad of voices. It’s impossible to tell the good from the bad. It’s all too easy to give in to the voice we think is good and embrace ourselves – our intellect – our wealth – our accomplishments, and convince ourselves that what we have is the ultimate good.

This, I think, is what Satan tempts Jesus with in today’s Gospel. If Jesus would just turn his back on God, then Jesus can become a god on earth, and he can have untold riches. It will be okay because as a god, Jesus will decide what is right from wrong. He can say that rejecting God’s voice isn’t bad and doing whatever you want whenever you want is good.

This is the at the very heart of relativism. What’s good for me doesn’t have to be good for you. Why? Because in my house, I’m god. In your house, you’re god. So, your rules can be different from mine. There is no such thing as moral Truth. It’s live and let live. And that idea is, quite frankly, intoxicating. But truth is that nothing – not wealth or sex or power or drugs or alcohol – nothing can fill the whole in our hearts except the love of Jesus Christ.

And what do we do with that love? We share it with others. As disciples, our task is to help build God’s Kingdom on earth. So, as disciples we strive to use the gifts and talents we have been given – to develop the best version of ourselves to give people hope and to help make the here and now a better place for everyone.

Is that easy? Is living a life totally in touch with our gifts and talents and totally following the will of the Father easy? No. The experience of the cross tells us that the path for the disciple is not only difficult, but it can be dangerous. But the question before you and before me is about our eternity. No wealth can save us. Only Jesus can save us. So, especially during this season of Lent, we should listen more intently and try to discern not only God’s voice among the myriad of voices we hear, but we should also try to identify and, with the help God provides through our guardian angels and the saints, reject the voices of the enemy. Like our psalmist, we turn to God and we cry out, “Have mercy on me, O God, in your goodness; in the greatness of your compassion wipe out my offense.”

Homework! Nourished by the Word of God and by the Eucharist, I ask you to reflect on the following two questions this week.

  1. First, If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down. How do I test God’s love for me? How can I grow in trust of God?
  2. Second, Behold, angels came and ministered to him. How have I felt God’s care this week? How can I share God’s loving care with those in need?

Do you got it? Do you get it? Good! Now go make disciples! May almighty God bless you, Father, Son and Holy Spirit! +Amen!

References:

  1. Lectio Divina Of The Gospels. Washington, D.C.: United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, 2019.
  2. Mitch, Curtis and Edward Sri. The Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2010.
  3. The Bible: A Study Bible freshly translated by Nicholas King. Buxhall, Suffolk UK: Kevin Mayhew, 2013.

Catechism References: Easily search the Catechism at http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc.htm

  1. Temptation of Jesus, 394, 538-540, 2119
  2. “Lead us not into temptation”, 2846-2949
  3. Jesus and the angels, 333
  4. Seductions of the devil, 394-395
  5. The Fall, 385-390, 396-400
  6. Adam, Original Sin, Christ the New Adam, 359, 402-411, 615

First Sunday of Lent
Lectionary: 22
Mass Readings: http://www.usccb.org/bible/readings/030120.cfm

Reading
First Reading Genesis 2:7-9; 3:1-7
The LORD God formed man out of the clay of the ground
and blew into his nostrils the breath of life,
and so man became a living being.

Then the LORD God planted a garden in Eden, in the east,
and placed there the man whom he had formed.
Out of the ground the LORD God made various trees grow
that were delightful to look at and good for food,
with the tree of life in the middle of the garden
and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.

Now the serpent was the most cunning of all the animals
that the LORD God had made.
The serpent asked the woman,
“Did God really tell you not to eat
from any of the trees in the garden?”
The woman answered the serpent:
“We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden;
it is only about the fruit of the tree
in the middle of the garden that God said,
‘You shall not eat it or even touch it, lest you die.’”
But the serpent said to the woman:
“You certainly will not die!
No, God knows well that the moment you eat of it
your eyes will be opened and you will be like gods
who know what is good and what is evil.”
The woman saw that the tree was good for food,
pleasing to the eyes, and desirable for gaining wisdom.
So she took some of its fruit and ate it;
and she also gave some to her husband, who was with her,
and he ate it.
Then the eyes of both of them were opened,
and they realized that they were naked;
so they sewed fig leaves together
and made loincloths for themselves.

Responsorial
Psalm 51:3-4, 5-6, 12-13, 17
R. (cf. 3a) Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.
Have mercy on me, O God, in your goodness;
in the greatness of your compassion wipe out my offense.
Thoroughly wash me from my guilt
and of my sin cleanse me.
R. Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.
For I acknowledge my offense,
and my sin is before me always:
“Against you only have I sinned,
and done what is evil in your sight.”
R. Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.
A clean heart create for me, O God,
and a steadfast spirit renew within me.
Cast me not out from your presence,
and your Holy Spirit take not from me.
R. Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.
Give me back the joy of your salvation,
and a willing spirit sustain in me.
O Lord, open my lips,
and my mouth shall proclaim your praise.
R. Be merciful, O Lord, for we have sinned.

Second Reading
Romans 5:12-19 OR 5:12, 17-19
Brothers and sisters:
Through one man sin entered the world,
and through sin, death,
and thus death came to all men, inasmuch as all sinned—
for up to the time of the law, sin was in the world,
though sin is not accounted when there is no law.
But death reigned from Adam to Moses,
even over those who did not sin
after the pattern of the trespass of Adam,
who is the type of the one who was to come.
But the gift is not like the transgression.
For if by the transgression of the one, the many died,
how much more did the grace of God
and the gracious gift of the one man Jesus Christ
overflow for the many.
And the gift is not like the result of the one who sinned.
For after one sin there was the judgment that brought condemnation;
but the gift, after many transgressions, brought acquittal.
For if, by the transgression of the one,
death came to reign through that one,
how much more will those who receive the abundance of grace
and of the gift of justification
come to reign in life through the one Jesus Christ.
In conclusion, just as through one transgression
condemnation came upon all,
so, through one righteous act,
acquittal and life came to all.
For just as through the disobedience of the one man
the many were made sinners,
so, through the obedience of the one,
the many will be made righteous.

or

Brothers and sisters:
Through one man sin entered the world,
and through sin, death,
and thus death came to all men, inasmuch as all sinned.

or if, by the transgression of the one,
death came to reign through that one,
how much more will those who receive the abundance of grace
and of the gift of justification
come to reign in life through the one Jesus Christ.
In conclusion, just as through one transgression
condemnation came upon all,
so, through one righteous act,
acquittal and life came to all.
For just as through the disobedience of the one man
the many were made sinners,
so, through the obedience of the one,
the many will be made righteous.

Verse Before The Gospel
Matthew 4:4B
One does not live on bread alone,
but on every word that comes forth from the mouth of God.

ospel
Matthew 4:1-11
At that time Jesus was led by the Spirit into the desert
to be tempted by the devil.
He fasted for forty days and forty nights,
and afterwards he was hungry.
The tempter approached and said to him,
“If you are the Son of God,
command that these stones become loaves of bread.”
He said in reply,
“It is written:
One does not live on bread alone,
but on every word that comes forth
from the mouth of God.”

Then the devil took him to the holy city,
and made him stand on the parapet of the temple,
and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down.
For it is written:
He will command his angels concerning you
and with their hands they will support you,
lest you dash your foot against a stone.”
Jesus answered him,
“Again it is written,
You shall not put the Lord, your God, to the test.”
Then the devil took him up to a very high mountain,
and showed him all the kingdoms of the world in their magnificence,
and he said to him, “All these I shall give to you,
if you will prostrate yourself and worship me.”
At this, Jesus said to him,
“Get away, Satan!
It is written:
The Lord, your God, shall you worship
and him alone shall you serve.”

Then the devil left him and, behold,
angels came and ministered to him.

Growing in Love and Holiness

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Seventh Sunday in Ordinary Time Mass Readings

First Reading: Leviticus 19:1-2, 17-18
Responsorial: Psalm 103 1-4, 8, 10, 12-13
Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 3:16-23
Gospel: Matthew 5:38-48

http://www.usccb.org/bible/readings/022320.cfm
https://www.deaconrudysnotes.org/

In today’s readings, Jesus continues to challenge the people about what fulfilling the Law means. Fulfilling the Law doesn’t mean doing the absolute minimum or following the pagans who subscribe to retributive justice, like an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. In Leviticus, we hear that God holds the people to a higher standard of conduct. “Be holy for, I the LORD your God am holy,” (Leviticus 19:2). And so, doing just the minimum isn’t gonna cut it.

Jesus explains that to be holy like God is to strive to be perfect as our heavenly Father is perfect, (Matthew 5:48). What does that mean? That means we need to imitate the perfect love of our heavenly Father, who himself is love, (1 John 4:8).

Let’s look at what that means from the perspective of a married couple. Think about a story you’ve read or a movie or a show which was set in feudal times where there was an arranged marriage planned between an older lord and a young lady. Maybe this was done for some political or monetary advantage right. Well this is probably the dramatic setting of the story that will be resolved by a knight in shining armor who comes along to save the fair maiden. Right? Why? Because this idea of a marriage without love or romance is so depressing.

And a couple cannot grow in love unless that love is challenged by the stuff – the messiness of everyday life. It’s only through a couple growing in love and patience and kindness that they can to one another and, “I screwed up,” “I’m sorry,” and, “I forgive you.” Does that make sense?

Jesus tells us that image of growth in love should be applied not just to our spouses, but by all believers, to everyone all the time everywhere. It’s not enough to subscribe to the idea of an eye for an eye or a tooth for a tooth. That’s what it means to grow in love and holiness – what it means to emulate the Father.

That’s what St. Paul is talking about in his letter to the Corinthians. It seems like the church there is on the verge of splitting. It seems like the church is being pulled apart by different factions. Boy does that sound familiar. It sounds like our countries and even the Church itself are on the verge of being pulled apart by different factions in our own age. And we risk being pulled apart if we can’t look across the aisle with the love and the compassion of God.

Now these readings which challenge us to grow in love and holiness are particularly important this weekend. Why? Because we’re about to start our Lenten journeys and part of the exercise of Lent is to challenge ourselves to grow. Lent is a great opportunity to do what so many businesses do: pause and do some strategic planning. It’s a time to reflect on what’s worked, what hasn’t worked and what they need to do in the future. Each of us is challenged during Lent to look at our past year honestly – with a critical eye. What did we do this last year? What did we do well? Where did we go wrong? What do I need to change in my life that what will help me grow?

How do I do this? I can grow with the power of the Holy Spirit, and with the strength I draw from the sacraments. As I reflect on my life, I can bring to the Sacrament of Reconciliation those sins or root causes of sin in my life that are preventing me from growing or that are damaging my relationship with God. That leads us to our Lenten sacrifice.

A Lenten sacrifice should challenge us to grow spiritually. Let me suggest that what that can’t be is giving up chocolate. Let’s say you’re the type of person who kicks the dog or bites your sister, or maybe you bite the dog or kick your sister. How will giving up a piece of chocolate like a Dairy Milk help you overcome a sinful pattern in your lives? I don’t think it will. We need to dig deeper and figure out what will challenge me to grow in holiness.

Maybe this year you could go to mass every Sunday? Or maybe you could go to adoration for one hour every month? Maybe you could set aside a little time to pray – I mean really pray to Jesus. What I mean by that is sitting down and just trying to have a conversation with him. You can start out by saying you don’t know what you’re doing or if he’s listening – that’s okay – but just opening yourself up a little to talk with Jesus could be a start. But if we are going to grow in love and holiness, we have to start somewhere.

Homework! Nourished by the Word of God and by the Eucharist, I would like you to reflect on the following two questions.

  1. What are the things in my life that are preventing me from growing in love and holiness?
  2. What is my Lenten sacrifice going to be?

I think doing our homework will help prepare us for Lent so that we can grow in the love and holiness of God. Do you got it? Do you get it? Then go make disciples! May Almighty God bless you, Father, Son and Holy Spirit! +Amen!

References:

  1. Lectio Divina Of The Gospels. Washington, D.C.: United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, 2019.
  2. Mitch, Curtis and Edward Sri. The Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2010.
  3. Montague, George T. SM. First Corinthians. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2011.
  4. The Bible: A Study Bible freshly translated by Nicholas King. Buxhall, Suffolk UK: Kevin Mayhew, 2013.

Catechism References: Easily search the Catechism at http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc.htm

  1. Jesus, Lord of the world, 450
  2. Church as temple of the Holy Spirit, 797
  3. Purgatory, 1030-32
  4. Christian perfection, 1693, 2013
  5. Love of enemies, 2303, 2844

Resources:

  1. Learn more about being a Christian steward: http://usccb.org/beliefs-and-teachings/what-we-believe/stewardship/index.cfm

Seventh Sunday in Ordinary Time
Lectionary: 79
Mass Readings: http://www.usccb.org/bible/readings/022320.cfm
First Reading Leviticus 19:1-2, 17-18
The LORD said to Moses,
“Speak to the whole Israelite community and tell them:
Be holy, for I, the LORD, your God, am holy.

“You shall not bear hatred for your brother or sister in your heart.
Though you may have to reprove your fellow citizen,
do not incur sin because of him.
Take no revenge and cherish no grudge against any of your people.
You shall love your neighbor as yourself.
I am the LORD.”

Responsorial
Psalm 103:1-2, 3-4, 8, 10, 12-13
R. (8a) The Lord is kind and merciful.
Bless the LORD, O my soul;
and all my being, bless his holy name.
Bless the LORD, O my soul,
and forget not all his benefits.
R. The Lord is kind and merciful.
He pardons all your iniquities,
heals all your ills.
He redeems your life from destruction,
crowns you with kindness and compassion.
R. The Lord is kind and merciful.
Merciful and gracious is the LORD,
slow to anger and abounding in kindness.
Not according to our sins does he deal with us,
nor does he requite us according to our crimes.
R. The Lord is kind and merciful.
As far as the east is from the west,
so far has he put our transgressions from us.
As a father has compassion on his children,
so the LORD has compassion on those who fear him.
R. The Lord is kind and merciful.

Second Reading
1 Corinthians 3:16-23
Brothers and sisters:
Do you not know that you are the temple of God,
and that the Spirit of God dwells in you?
If anyone destroys God’s temple, God will destroy that person;
for the temple of God, which you are, is holy.

Let no one deceive himself.
If any one among you considers himself wise in this age,
let him become a fool, so as to become wise.
For the wisdom of this world is foolishness in the eyes of God,
for it is written:
God catches the wise in their own ruses,
and again:
The Lord knows the thoughts of the wise,
that they are vain.

So let no one boast about human beings, for everything belongs to you,
Paul or Apollos or Cephas,
or the world or life or death,
or the present or the future:
all belong to you, and you to Christ, and Christ to God.

Alleluia
John 2:5
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
Whoever keeps the word of Christ,
the love of God is truly perfected in him.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel
Matthew 5:38-48
Jesus said to his disciples:
“You have heard that it was said,
An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.
But I say to you, offer no resistance to one who is evil.
When someone strikes you on your right cheek,
turn the other one as well.
If anyone wants to go to law with you over your tunic,
hand over your cloak as well.
Should anyone press you into service for one mile,
go for two miles.
Give to the one who asks of you,
and do not turn your back on one who wants to borrow.

“You have heard that it was said,
You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.
But I say to you, love your enemies
and pray for those who persecute you,
that you may be children of your heavenly Father,
for he makes his sun rise on the bad and the good,
and causes rain to fall on the just and the unjust.
For if you love those who love you, what recompense will you have?
Do not the tax collectors do the same?
And if you greet your brothers only,
what is unusual about that?
Do not the pagans do the same?
So be perfect, just as your heavenly Father is perfect.”

6th Sunday in Ordinary Time

picture of tree with extensive exposed root system

Mass Readings

First Reading: Sirach 15:15-20
Responsorial: Psalm 119:1-2, 4-5, 17-18, 33-34
Second Reading: 1 Corinthians 2:6-10
Gospel: Matthew 5:17-37

http://www.usccb.org/bible/readings/021620.cfm
https://www.deaconrudysnotes.org/

G.K. Chesterton said, “There are an infinite number of ways to fall, but there is only one way to stand.”

Brothers and sisters in today’s readings, we talk about the law. In our first reading today from Sirach, we hear that we should choose and keep the commandments because they will save us. And indeed, today in the Church, we look at the commandments, as part of that core of what it means to be believers in the one true God. The commandments are not negotiable.

But we need to exercise caution. We need to avoid the trap of becoming robots or slaves to the law. The law does not represent a checklist. It’s so much more than that.

Building on our second reading from last week, St. Paul tells us that God’s law – that Scripture is a source of Wisdom that can transform our lives. Last week Paul says he came to the Corinthians trembling, but in the very next chapter Paul begins to show us that the scandalous cross can produce much fruit. Wisdom is a powerful fruit that can guide the way we live and work today, but we can’t learn that from the world. “Eye has not seen, and ear has not heard…what God has prepared for those who love him,” (1 Cor 2:9).

Scripture and Tradition, then, are sources of Wisdom that can transform our lives. Why do I say transform? Discipleship is not about checklists or keeping score. No! Authentic discipleship requires conversion of heart and mind. That’s what Jesus is talking about in today’s Gospel. He doesn’t just rattle off a list of commandments. He kicks it up a notch and frankly makes life a little uncomfortable for a lot of us.

Discipleship is not about following the letter of the law externally for all the world to see. Discipleship is about being transformed by the law and living the law internally. He gives examples of what he means. “Thou shall not kill,” isn’t just about murder. If we gossip – if through the things we say we harm someone’s reputation, then it’s as if we murdered them. You shouldn’t commit adultery, but if you lust after someone else, then for all practical purposes, you have committed adultery.

We cannot reduce the law to a series of traffic signs or to a series of intellectual concepts. Living the law comes from the heart. We internalize the law. We are transformed by the law. That is how we acknowledge Jesus as our Lord and Savior.

To internalize the law means that we need to examine our lives to identify the root causes of sin in our lives. That’s the great challenge before us. It’s not about gossiping or adultery or oath-taking as much as it trying to understand what it is that is causing us to gossip, or lust after others or desire to take oaths in secret societies, and then trying to eliminate those sources of sinfulness from our lives.

Now, this is very important for us to consider. We might not be capable of accomplishing these tasks on our own. For whatever reasons, it might be difficult to identify root causes of sin in our lives and/or eliminate them from our lives. What are we to do? We need to acknowledge that we might need a little help. This isn’t an excuse for our spouses or significant others to sit us down and tell us what we’re doing wrong.

All kidding aside, I think that the first thing we should do is turn to the Holy Spirit. We need to pray that the Spirit help us and guide us to take our blinders off or our rose-colored glasses through we see our lives off so that we can see who we really are – the good, the bad and the ugly.

I do think we could turn to our spouses or significant others and out of a spirit of love compassion have this sort of conversation. We need to be sensitive because we know how to push each other’s buttons easily, so we do this with kid gloves.

We can bring this to spiritual direction before we go to confession. We can schedule some time with a priest, deacon, consecrated religious brother or sister or a specially trained lay person. They will have the training to help us listen attentively to the Holy Spirit as we go through this process.

We can also turn to professional help like authentically Christian psychiatrists, psychologists and therapists (social workers, LPCs, etc.). Why authentically Christian? Well, there’s a wide variety of therapists and counselors out there. I would encourage you to pick someone whose values and faith are aligned with your own.

Now before you roll your eyes at these suggestions, there are two points I want to make. This world we live in tries to convince us that we are alone – that we have to figure everything out by ourselves. But our faith tells us we are not alone. We are part of a community of believers, so we can and should turn to the community for help and the community includes our spouses, friends, spiritual directors, counselors, etc.

The second point I want to make is that so often the very people we admire, like successful business people, movie stars, athletes and the like, seldom achieve their goals without help. Very often they have a coach or a variety of coaches to help them stay focused. If the people we admire have coaches, how can any of us feel shame in seeking out a coach to help us?

Through the work of the Holy Spirit and with the help of our coaches, we can be able to identify root causes of sin in our lives, bring our sin to confession, to be healed and reconciled. I know that sounds like a lot, but believe it or not, there is a process to internalizing God’s law. The question is, are you willing to walk the walk?

Daniel Burke in his book, Journey to God, has a great spiritual self-evaluation form that is an excellent place to begin. Unfortunately, the form is only available in his book in the chapter, “My Root Sin.” I’ll include a link in the notes. Full disclosure – I do not currently receive any compensation for referrals. I just think it’s a good resource. https://www.amazon.com/Journey-God-Dan-Burke/dp/193750980X/ref=sr_1_2?keywords=journey+to+god&qid=1580742685&sr=8-2

Ok, now that that’s out of the way, it’s time for homework! Nourished by the Word of God and by the Eucharist, I would like you to reflect on the following two questions.

  1. What behaviors in my life prevent me from fully internalizing God’s law?
  2. How would I describe the causes of sin in my life to someone else?

I think doing our homework will help us kick our discipleship up a notch. Do you got it? Do you get it? Then go make disciples! May Almighty God bless you, Father, Son and Holy Spirit! +Amen!

References:

  1. Lectio Divina Of The Gospels. Washington, D.C.: United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, 2019.
  2. Mitch, Curtis and Edward Sri. The Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2010.
  3. Montague, George T. SM. First Corinthians. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2011.

Catechism References: Easily search the Catechism at http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc.htm

  1. Jesus fulfilling the Law, 577, 581, 1967-68, 2053-54
  2. Anger, 2302
  3. Sacrament of confession, 1424, 1456
  4. Forgiveness, 2608, 2841, 2845
  5. Divorce and adultery, 443, 2336, 2380
  6. Oaths, 2153
  7. Love of enemies, 2302, 2844

Sixth Sunday in Ordinary Time
Lectionary: 76
Mass Readings: http://www.usccb.org/bible/readings/021620.cfm
First Reading Sirach 15:15-20
If you choose you can keep the commandments, they will save you;
if you trust in God, you too shall live;
he has set before you fire and water
to whichever you choose, stretch forth your hand.
Before man are life and death, good and evil,
whichever he chooses shall be given him.
Immense is the wisdom of the Lord;
he is mighty in power, and all-seeing.
The eyes of God are on those who fear him;
he understands man’s every deed.
No one does he command to act unjustly,
to none does he give license to sin.

Responsorial
Psalm 119:1-2, 4-5, 17-18, 33-34
R. (1b) Blessed are they who follow the law of the Lord!
Blessed are they whose way is blameless,
who walk in the law of the LORD.
Blessed are they who observe his decrees,
who seek him with all their heart.
R. Blessed are they who follow the law of the Lord!
You have commanded that your precepts
be diligently kept.
Oh, that I might be firm in the ways
of keeping your statutes!
R. Blessed are they who follow the law of the Lord!
Be good to your servant, that I may live
and keep your words.
Open my eyes, that I may consider
the wonders of your law.
R. Blessed are they who follow the law of the Lord!
Instruct me, O LORD, in the way of your statutes,
that I may exactly observe them.
Give me discernment, that I may observe your law
and keep it with all my heart.
R. Blessed are they who follow the law of the Lord!

Second Reading
1 COR 2:6-10
Brothers and sisters:
We speak a wisdom to those who are mature,
not a wisdom of this age,
nor of the rulers of this age who are passing away.
Rather, we speak God’s wisdom, mysterious, hidden,
which God predetermined before the ages for our glory,
and which none of the rulers of this age knew;
for, if they had known it,
they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.
But as it is written:
What eye has not seen, and ear has not heard,
and what has not entered the human heart,
what God has prepared for those who love him,
this God has revealed to us through the Spirit.

For the Spirit scrutinizes everything, even the depths of God.

Alleluia
Matthew 11:25
R. Alleluia, alleluia.
Blessed are you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth;
you have revealed to little ones the mysteries of the kingdom.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel
Matthew 5:17-37 OR 5:20-22A, 27-28, 33-34A, 37
Jesus said to his disciples:
“Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the prophets.
I have come not to abolish but to fulfill.
Amen, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away,
not the smallest letter or the smallest part of a letter
will pass from the law,
until all things have taken place.
Therefore, whoever breaks one of the least of these commandments
and teaches others to do so
will be called least in the kingdom of heaven.
But whoever obeys and teaches these commandments
will be called greatest in the kingdom of heaven.
I tell you, unless your righteousness surpasses
that of the scribes and Pharisees,
you will not enter the kingdom of heaven.

“You have heard that it was said to your ancestors,
You shall not kill; and whoever kills will be liable to judgment.
But I say to you,
whoever is angry with his brother
will be liable to judgment;
and whoever says to his brother, ‘Raqa,’
will be answerable to the Sanhedrin;
and whoever says, ‘You fool,’
will be liable to fiery Gehenna.
Therefore, if you bring your gift to the altar,
and there recall that your brother
has anything against you,
leave your gift there at the altar,
go first and be reconciled with your brother,
and then come and offer your gift.
Settle with your opponent quickly while on the way to court.
Otherwise your opponent will hand you over to the judge,
and the judge will hand you over to the guard,
and you will be thrown into prison.
Amen, I say to you,
you will not be released until you have paid the last penny.

“You have heard that it was said,
You shall not commit adultery.
But I say to you,
everyone who looks at a woman with lust
has already committed adultery with her in his heart.
If your right eye causes you to sin,
tear it out and throw it away.
It is better for you to lose one of your members
than to have your whole body thrown into Gehenna.
And if your right hand causes you to sin,
cut it off and throw it away.
It is better for you to lose one of your members
than to have your whole body go into Gehenna.

“It was also said,
Whoever divorces his wife must give her a bill of divorce.
But I say to you,
whoever divorces his wife – unless the marriage is unlawful –
causes her to commit adultery,
and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

“Again you have heard that it was said to your ancestors,
Do not take a false oath,
but make good to the Lord all that you vow.
But I say to you, do not swear at all;
not by heaven, for it is God’s throne;
nor by the earth, for it is his footstool;
nor by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King.
Do not swear by your head,
for you cannot make a single hair white or black.
Let your ‘Yes’ mean ‘Yes,’ and your ‘No’ mean ‘No.’
Anything more is from the evil one.”

or

Jesus said to his disciples:
“I tell you, unless your righteousness surpasses
that of the scribes and Pharisees,
you will not enter the kingdom of heaven.

“You have heard that it was said to your ancestors,
You shall not kill; and whoever kills will be liable to judgment.
But I say to you,
whoever is angry with brother
will be liable to judgment.

“You have heard that it was said, You shall not commit adultery.
But I say to you,
everyone who looks at a woman with lust
has already committed adultery with her in his heart.

“Again you have heard that it was said to your ancestors,
Do not take a false oath,
but make good to the Lord all that you vow.
But I say to you, do not swear at all.
Let your ‘Yes’ mean ‘Yes,’and your ‘No’ mean ‘No.’
Anything more is from the evil one.”